1. Izindaba ezidinga ukunakwa ekubuyekezweni kwewaranti yezinto zokushisela
I-Welding Material Warranty Book ibaluleke kakhulu njengombhalo obhaliwe kanye nerekhodi lokuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi yezinto zokushisela.Izinto zokushisela kufanele zihlolwe ukuthi ziyahambisana yini nezidingo ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.Incwadi yewaranti yezinto zokushisela ilingana "nolwazi lokudiliva" olunikezwa umkhiqizi wezinto zokushisela kumsebenzisi, futhi okuqukethwe kwayo kufanele kunembile futhi kuphelele.
Njengamanje, kunabakhiqizi abaningi abasebenzisa i-welding yasekhaya, futhi izinga lemikhiqizo yabo liyahlukahluka.Ifomethi nokuqukethwe kwamadokhumenti ewaranti yomkhiqizo nakho kuhlukile.Konjiniyela bokushisela noma onjiniyela bekhwalithi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uhlole imibhalo yewaranti.
Lesi sihloko sithatha iwaranti evamile ye-AWS njengesibonelo ukuze sethule kafushane amaphuzu abalulekile okufanele uwaqaphele lapho ubuyekeza iwaranti.
1) Inombolo ejwayelekile ihambisana nemodeli yezinto zokushisela
Wonke amanani kuzindinganiso ezisetshenziswayo zokushisela i-American Standard ahlukaniswe ngezinhlelo zombuso kanye nemethrikhi, futhi isistimu yemethrikhi yengezwa ngo-“M” ngemva kwenombolo evamile.
Isibonelo, intambo yokushisela ye-arc engaphansi kwamanzi i-AWS A 5.17 / AWS A 5.17M
Lena indlela efanele yokubhala, inombolo evamile ingeyombuso, futhi imodeli nayo ingeyombuso.
2) Izinga lokusetshenziswa kwencwadi yesiqinisekiso kufanele lihambisane nesidingo sangempela (i-oda lokuthenga)
Uma kudingeka izinto ezisetshenziswayo zokushisela ezijwayelekile zaseMelika, okubhalwe ngenhla akulungile futhi akukwazi ukulingana nezinga laseMelika, ngoba amanani ajwayelekile noma izindlela zokuhlola zamazinga ahlukene zihlukile.
3) Ukuvezwa kwamanani afanelekile ajwayelekile kanye namanani okuhlola
Okungenhla inani lencwadi yewaranti evamile yaseMelika yocingo lokushisela lwe-arc olungaphansi kwamanzi, kodwa izinga lokusebenzisa encwadini yesiqinisekiso lithi AWS A 5.17.Kusukela enombolweni evamile, kungabonakala ukuthi wonke amanani kufanele abe ngesiNgisi.Kodwa-ke, amanani ajwayelekile kanye nedatha yokuhlola encwadini yewaranti ikusistimu yemethrikhi, ngokusobala ayilinganisiwe.
Isibonelo, izinga lokushisa elinomthelela lika-F7A2-EH14 kufanele libe ngu- -20°F, okungu- -28.8°C ku-Celsius, kodwa inani elijwayelekile lingu-30°C.
Ngokusekelwe kulezi zizathu ezingenhla, kubaluleke kakhulu konjiniyela ukuthi bahlole ukuthi ukhona yini u-“M” enombolweni evamile lapho bebuyekeza incwadi yesiqinisekiso.Kuphela ngokucaciswa kwencwadi yewaranti lapho intambo yokushisela ingafakwa ekukhiqizeni kwangempela.
2. Indlela yokwamukela ukubukeka yencazelo ngayinye
(1) Indlela yokwamukela ukubukeka okujwayelekile kwe-GB
(1) Indlela yokwamukela ukubukeka okujwayelekile kwe-EN
-EXC1 izinga lezinga D;
- I-EXC2 Ngokuvamile, isigaba C sekhwalithi,
- Isigaba B sekhwalithi ye-EXC3;
— EXC4 Ikilasi lekhwalithi B+, okusho izidingo ezengeziwe ngesisekelo sekhwalithi yesigaba B
(2) Imibandela Yokwamukela Ukubukeka Okujwayelekile kwe-AWS
Izidingo zephrofayela ye-Weld
Izinga lokuhlola elibonakalayo
Imibandela Yokwamukela Yezinhlobo Zokuqhubeka Nokuhlolwa
umthwalo omile
umthwalo we-cyclic
(1) Imifantu ayivunyelwe
Noma yikuphi ukuqhekeka, kungakhathaliseki ubukhulu noma indawo, akwamukelekile.
X
X
(2) Ukuhlanganiswa kwensimbi okushisela/okuyisisekelo
Kumelwe kube nokuhlangana okuphelele phakathi kwezingqimba eziseduze ze-weld naphakathi kwensimbi yokushisela nesisekelo sensimbi.
X
X
(3) I-arc crater cross section
Wonke ama-arc crater kufanele agcwaliswe kusayizi we-weld obaluliwe, ngaphandle kwasekupheleni kwamashisela e-intermittent fillet adlula ubude obusebenzayo be-intermittent fillet weld.
X
X
(4) Isimo sephrofayela ye-Weld
Umumo wephrofayela ye-Weld kufanele uhambisane nokuthi “Dlula futhi Wehlule Ukuma Kwephrofayela Ye-Weld (AWSD1.1-2000)”
X
X
(5) Isikhathi sokuhlola
Ukuhlolwa okubonwayo kwawo wonke amashisela ensimbi kungaqala ngokushesha nje lapho ukushisela okuqediwe sekuphole kumazinga okushisa ekamelo.Ukwamukelwa kokushisela kwensimbi kwe-ASTM A514, A517 kanye ne-A709 Amabanga 100 kanye ne-100W kufanele kusekelwe ekuhlolweni okubonakalayo okungenani amahora angama-48 ngemuva kokuqedwa kokushisela.
X
X
(6) Usayizi weld onganele
Usayizi wanoma iyiphi i-fillet weld eqhubekayo engaphansi kosayizi wegama oshiwo (L) futhi ohlangabezana namanani ashiwo alandelayo (U) angeke anxeshezelwe:
I-LU
Usayizi weld weld obaluliwe (mm) Ukwehliswa okuvumelekile ngesisekelo sika-L (mm)
≤ 5 ≤ 1.6
6 ≤ 2.5
≥ 8 ≤ 3
Kuzo zonke izimo, ingxenye encane ye-weld ivinjelwe ngokuqinile ukuthi idlule u-10% wobude be-weld.I-welding seam ehlanganisa iwebhu yebhande kanye ne-flange akufanele ibe nosayizi okwanele phakathi kobubanzi bamaphethelo amabili e-beam kanye nobude obulingana nobubanzi obuphindwe kabili be-flange.
X
X
(7) I-Undercut
(A) Ama-undercuts ezintweni ezinogqinsi olungaphansi kuka-25mm anqatshelwe ngokuqinile ukudlula u-0.8mm, kodwa ama-undercuts ane-undercut eqongelelekayo engu-50mm kanye nesilinganiso esiphezulu esingu-1.5mm kunoma ibuphi ubude obungu-300mm avunyelwe.Ezintweni ezinogqinsi olulingana noma olukhulu kuno-25mm, i-undercut yanoma ibuphi ubude be-weld inqatshelwe ngokuqinile ukuthi idlule u-1.5mm.
X
(B) Ezingxenyeni eziyinhloko, ngaphansi kwanoma yimuphi umthwalo wedizayini, lapho i-weld isebudlelwaneni obunqamulayo nengcindezi yokuqina, ukujula kwe-undercut kunqatshelwe ngokuqinile ukuthi kube kukhulu kuno-0.25mm.Kwezinye izimo, ukujula kwe-undercut kuvinjelwe ngokuqinile ukuthi kukhulu kuno-0.8mm.
X
(8) Stomata
(A) Ama-welds aphelele wokungena (CJP) wegroove wamajoyinti ezinqe lapho amashisela ephambana khona nengcindezi ebaliwe, futhi azikho izimbotshana zamashubhu ezibonakalayo ezivunyelwe.Kuwo wonke amanye ama-weld we-groove kanye ne-fillet, isamba sobubanzi be-porosity ye-tubular ebonakalayo elingana noma enkulu kuno-0.8mm akufanele idlule u-10mm kunoma iyiphi i-weld engu-25mm ubude kanye no-20mm kunoma iyiphi i-weld engu-300mm ubude.
X
(B) Imvamisa yokwenzeka kwezimbotshana ze-tubular ekushiseleleni kwe-fillet kwenqatshelwe ngokuqinile ukuthi idlule u-1 nge-100mm yobude be-weld, futhi ububanzi obuphezulu buvinjelwe ngokuqinile ukuthi budlule u-2.5mm.Okuhlukile okulandelayo yilokhu: Kumashisela e-fillet axhuma ama-stiffener kuwebhu, isamba sobubanzi be-tubular porosity akumele seqe u-10mm kunoma iyiphi i-weld engu-25mm ubude, futhi akumele yeqe u-20mm kunoma iyiphi i-weld engu-300mm ubude.
X
(C) Ama-welds aphelele wokungena (CJP) wamajoyinti ezinqe kubudlelwane obuphambene nengcindezi ebaliwe ye-tensile, engenazo izimbotshana ezishubhu.Kuwo wonke amanye ama-groove welds, imvamisa yezimbotshana ze-tubular akufanele idlule i-1 ku-100mm yobude be-weld, futhi ububanzi obukhulu akumele budlule u-2.5mm.
X
Qaphela: “X” isho uhlobo olufanele lokuxhuma, ukungenalutho kusho ukuthi alufanelekile.
3. Izizathu nokuhlaziywa kokukhubazeka okujwayelekile kwe-weld kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela
1. Stomata
Indlela yokushisela
imbangela
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela
Ukushisela i-arc ngesandla
(1) I-electrode yimbi noma imanzi.
(2) Indawo yokushisela inomswakama, uwoyela noma ukugqwala.
(3) Isivinini sokushisela siyashesha kakhulu.
(4) Umsinga unamandla kakhulu.
(5) Ubude be-arc abufaneleki.
(6) Ugqinsi lwendawo yokushisela lukhulu, futhi ukupholisa insimbi kuyashesha kakhulu.
(1) Khetha i-electrode efanele futhi unake ukomisa.
(2) Hlanza ingxenye eshiselwe ngaphambi kokushisela.
(3) Yehlisa isivinini sokushisela ukuze igesi yangaphakathi ikwazi ukuphunyuka kalula.
(4) Sebenzisa umsinga ofanele otuswe umenzi.
(5) Lungisa ubude be-arc obufanele.
(6) Yenza umsebenzi ofanele wokushisisa ngaphambili.
I-CO2 yegesi evikelekile yokushisela
(1) Izinto eziyisisekelo zingcolile.
(2) Intambo yokushisela igqwalile noma i-flux imanzi.
(3) Ukushisela indawo okungalungile kanye nokukhethwa okungalungile kocingo lokushisela.
(4) Ukwelulwa okomile kude kakhulu, futhi ukuvikelwa kwegesi ye-CO2 akuphelele.
(5) Isivinini somoya sikhulu futhi asikho isivikelo somoya.
(6) Ijubane lokushisela liyashesha kakhulu futhi ukupholisa kuyashesha.
(7) Ukuchaphaza kwenhlansi kunamathela emlonyeni, kubangele ukunyakaza kwegesi.
(8) Igesi inokuhlanzeka okubi futhi iqukethe ukungcola okuningi (ikakhulukazi umswakama).
(1) Naka ukuhlanza ingxenye eshiselwe ngaphambi kokushisela.
(2) Khetha intambo yokushisela efanele futhi uyigcine yomile.
(3) Ubuhlalu bendawo yokushisela akumele bube nesici, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele buhlanzeke, futhi ubukhulu bocingo lokushisela kufanele bufaneleke.
(4) Yehlisa ubude bobude obomile futhi ulungise ukugeleza kwegesi okufanele.
(5) Faka okokusebenza kwe-windshield.
(6) Yehlisa isivinini ukuze udedele igesi yangaphakathi.
(7) Naka ukususa i-slag yokushisela emlonyeni, bese usebenzisa i-splash adhesion inhibitor ukuze welule impilo yombhobho.
(8) Ukuhlanzeka kwe-CO2 kungaphezu kuka-99.98%, kanti umswakama ungaphansi kuka-0.005%.
I-arc welding engaphansi kwamanzi
(1) Kukhona ukungcola okuphilayo njengokugqwala, ifilimu ye-oxide, amafutha, njll.
(2) I-flux imanzi.
(3) Ukugeleza kungcolile.
(4) Isivinini sokushisela siyashesha kakhulu.
(5) Ukuphakama kwe-flux okunganele.
(6) Ukuphakama kwe-flux kukhulu kakhulu, ukuze igesi ingabi lula ukuphunyuka (ikakhulukazi uma usayizi wezinhlayiyana ze-flux zilungile).
(7) Intambo yokushisela igqwalile noma igcotshwe ngamafutha.
(8) I-polarity ayifanelekile (ikakhulukazi lapho i-docking ingcolile, izodala izimbotshana).
(1) I-weld kufanele igaywe noma ishiswe ngamalangabi, bese ikhishwa ngebhulashi locingo.
(2) cishe 300 ℃ ukomisa
(3) Naka ukugcinwa kwe-flux kanye nokuhlanzwa kwendawo eduze nengxenye yokushisela ukugwema ukuxutshwa kwama-sundries.
(4) Yehlisa isivinini sokushisela.
(5) Umlomo we-flux outlet rubber tube kufanele ulungiswe phezulu.
(6) I-flux outlet rubber tube kufanele ilungiswe ibe phansi, futhi ukuphakama okufanele kube ngu-30-40mm esimweni sokushisela okuzenzakalelayo.
(7) Shintshela kucingo lokushisela oluhlanzekile.
(8) Shintsha uxhumano lwamanje oluqondile (DC-) ekuxhumaneni okuqondile kwamanje okuphambene (DC+).
imishini embi
(1) Ithebula le-decompression lipholile, futhi igesi ayikwazi ukuphuma.
(2) Umbhobho uvinjwe inhlansi.
(3) Intambo yokushisela inamafutha nokugqwala.
(1) Uma singekho i-heater kagesi exhunywe kusilawuli segesi, kufanele kufakwe isifudumezi sikagesi, futhi izinga lokugeleza kwemitha kufanele lihlolwe ngesikhathi esifanayo.
(2) Hlanza i-nozzle spatter njalo.Futhi ihlanganiswe ne-splash adhesion inhibitor.
(3) Ungawathinti amafutha lapho ucingo lokushisela lugcinwa noma lufakwa.
Intambo enezintambo ezivikelekile ozivikela yona
(1) I-voltage iphezulu kakhulu.
(2) Ubude obuphumile bocingo lokushisela bufushane kakhulu.
(3) Kukhona ukugqwala, upende kanye nomswakama endaweni yensimbi.
(4) I-engeli yokuhudula yethoshi yokushisela ithambekele kakhulu.
(5) Ijubane elihambayo liyashesha kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ekushiseleleni okuvundlile.
(1) Yehlisa amandla kagesi.
(2) Sebenzisa ngokulandela imiyalelo ehlukahlukene yocingo lokushisela.
(3) Hlanza ngaphambi kokushisela.
(4) Yehlisa i-engeli yokudonsa ibe cishe ku-0-20°.
(5) Lungisa kahle.
3. I-Undercut
Indlela yokushisela
imbangela
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela
Ukushisela i-arc ngesandla
(1) Umsinga unamandla kakhulu.
(2) Induku yokushisela ayifaneleki.
(3) I-arc yinde kakhulu.
(4) Indlela yokusebenza engalungile.
(5) Izinto eziyisisekelo zingcolile.
(6) Isisekelo sensimbi sishiswe ngokweqile.
(1) Sebenzisa amandla aphansi.
(2) Khetha uhlobo olufanele nosayizi wenduku yokushisela.
(3) Gcina ubude obufanele be-arc.
(4) Sebenzisa i-engeli efanele, isivinini esinensayo, i-arc emfushane kanye nendlela yokugijima encane.
(5) Susa amabala amafutha noma ukugqwala ensimbi eyisisekelo.
(6) Sebenzisa ama-electrode anobubanzi obuncane.
I-CO2 yegesi evikelekile yokushisela
(1) I-arc yinde kakhulu futhi isivinini sokushisela siyashesha kakhulu.
(2) Ngesikhathi se-welding ye-fillet, ukulungiswa kwe-electrode akulungile.
(3) Ama-welding welding aqondile noma angasebenzi kahle, ukuze izinhlangothi ezimbili zobuhlalu obushiselayo zingagcwali ngokwanele futhi zisikwe kancane.
(1) Yehlisa ubude nesivinini se-arc.
(2) Ngesikhathi sokushisela i-fillet enezingqimba, indawo yocingo lokushisela kufanele ibe ngu-1-2mm kude nomgwaqo.
(3) Lungisa indlela yokusebenza.
4. Ukufakwa kwe-slag
Indlela yokushisela
imbangela
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela
Ukushisela i-arc ngesandla
(1) I-front layer welding slag ayisuswanga ngokuphelele.
(2) Umsinga wokushisela uphansi kakhulu.
(3) Ijubane lokushisela lihamba kancane.
(4) Ukujika kwe-electrode kubanzi kakhulu.
(5) Inhlanganisela ye-weld engalungile kanye nomklamo.
(1) Susa ngokuphelele ungqimba olungaphambili lwe-welding slag.
(2) Sebenzisa amandla aphezulu.
(3) Khulisa isivinini sokushisela.
(4) Yehlisa ububanzi bokujika be-electrode.
(5) Lungisa i-engeli efanelekile ye-groove kanye nemvume.
I-CO2 i-gas arc welding
(1) Isisekelo sensimbi sithambekele (ekwehleni) ukuthuthukisa i-slag yokushisela.
(2) Ngemva kokushisela okwedlule, i-slag yokushisela ayihlanzekile.
(3) I-current incane kakhulu, ijubane lihamba kancane, futhi inani lokushisela likhulu.
(4) Uma ushisela ngendlela eya phambili, i-slag yokushisela endaweni ingaphambili kakhulu.
(1) Beka i-weldment endaweni evundlile ngangokunokwenzeka.
(2) Naka ukuhlanzeka kobuhlalu obushiselayo.
(3) Khulisa isivinini samanje nesokushisela ukuze wenze i-slag yokushisela intante kalula.
(4) Khulisa isivinini sokushisela
I-arc welding engaphansi kwamanzi
(1) Isiqondiso sokushisela sithambekele esisekelweni sensimbi, ngakho i-slag igeleza phambili.
(2) Ngesikhathi sokushisela i-multi-layer, indawo e-grooved incibilikiswa yi-welding wire, futhi ucingo lokushisela luseduze kakhulu nohlangothi lwe-groove.
(3) Ukufakwa kwe-slag kungenzeka kwenzeke endaweni yokuqala yokushisela lapho kukhona ipuleti lomhlahlandlela.
(4) Uma i-current incane kakhulu, kukhona i-welding slag esele phakathi kwezingqimba zesibili, futhi imifantu ikhiqizwa kalula lapho i-welding amapuleti amancane.
(5) Ijubane lokushisela liphansi kakhulu, okwenza i-welding slag ithuthuke.
(6) I-arc voltage yesendlalelo sokugcina siphezulu kakhulu, okwenza i-slag yokushisela yamahhala inyakaze ekugcineni kobuhlalu bokushisela.
(1) I-welding kufanele ihlehliselwe kolunye uhlangothi, noma isisekelo sensimbi kufanele siguqulwe sibe isiqondiso esivundlile ngangokunokwenzeka.
(2) Ibanga phakathi kohlangothi lwesikhala nocingo lokushisela kufanele okungenani libe likhulu kunobubanzi bocingo lokushisela.
(3) Ugqinsi lwepuleti likamhlahlandlela kanye nokuma kwendawo yokubeka kufanele kufane nesisekelo sensimbi.
(4) Khulisa i-welding current ukuze wenze insalela ye-slag incibilike kalula.
(5) Khulisa ijubane lokushisela kanye nesivinini sokushisela.
(6) Yehlisa i-voltage noma ukhuphule isivinini sokushisela.Uma kunesidingo, isendlalelo sekhava siyashintshwa kusuka ku-single-pass welding kuya ku-multi-pass welding.
Intambo enezintambo ezivikelekile ozivikela yona
(1) I-voltage ye-arc iphansi kakhulu.
(2) I-arc yocingo lokushisela ayilungile.
(3) Intambo yokushisela iphuma ibe yinde kakhulu.
(4) I-current iphansi kakhulu futhi isivinini sokushisela sihamba kancane.
(5) I-slag yokuqala yokushisela ayizange isuswe ngokwanele.
(6) Iphasi lokuqala alihlangene kahle.
(7) Umsele uncane kakhulu.
(8) Amashiseli ehlela phansi.
(1) Lungisa kahle.
(2) Engeza ukujwayela okwengeziwe.
(3) Landela imiyalelo yokusebenzisa izintambo zokushisela ezihlukahlukene.
(4) Lungisa imingcele yokushisela.
(5) Kucace ngokuphelele
(6) Sebenzisa i-voltage efanele futhi unake i-swing arc.
(7) Lungisa i-engeli efanelekile ye-groove kanye nemvume.
(8) Lala phansi, noma uhambe ngokushesha.
5. Ukungena okungaphelele
Indlela yokushisela
imbangela
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela
Ukushisela i-arc ngesandla
(1) Ukukhetha okungalungile kwama-electrode.
(2) Umsinga uphansi kakhulu.
(3) Ijubane lokushisela lishesha kakhulu, ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa akwanele, futhi ijubane lihamba kancane, i-arc impulse ivinjwe i-slag yokushisela, futhi ayikwazi ukunikezwa isisekelo sensimbi.
(4) Umklamo we-weld kanye nenhlanganisela akulungile.
(1) Sebenzisa i-electrode engena kakhulu.
(2) Sebenzisa amandla afanelekayo.
(3) Sebenzisa isivinini esifanelekile sokushisela esikhundleni salokho.
(4) Khulisa izinga lokugwaza, ukhuphule igebe, futhi unciphise ukujula kwezimpande.
I-CO2 yegesi evikelekile yokushisela
(1) I-arc incane kakhulu futhi isivinini sokushisela siphansi kakhulu.
(2) I-arc yinde kakhulu.
(3) Umklamo ongemuhle we-slot.
(1) Khulisa i-welding current nesivinini.
(2) Yehlisa ubude be-arc.
(3) Khulisa izinga lokungena.Khulisa igebe futhi unciphise ukujula kwezimpande.
Intambo enezintambo ezivikelekile ozivikela yona
(1) Umsinga uphansi kakhulu.
(2) Ijubane lokushisela lihamba kancane.
(3) I-voltage iphezulu kakhulu.
(4) Ukushwibeka kwe-arc okungafanele.
(5) I-engeli ye-bevel engafanele.
(1) Khulisa umsinga.
(2) Khulisa isivinini sokushisela.
(3) Yehlisa amandla kagesi.
(4) Prakthiza okwengeziwe.
(5) Sebenzisa i-engeli yokufaka enkudlwana.
6. Ukuqhekeka
Indlela yokushisela
imbangela
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela
Ukushisela i-arc ngesandla
(1) Indawo yokushisela iqukethe izakhi ze-alloy eziphakeme kakhulu njengekhabhoni ne-manganese.
Indlela yokushisela
imbangela
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela
Ukushisela i-arc ngesandla
(1) I-weldment iqukethe izakhi eziphezulu kakhulu ze-alloying ezifana ne-carbon ne-manganese.
(2) Ikhwalithi ye-electrode impofu noma imanzi.
(3) Ukucindezelwa kwe-weld kukhulu kakhulu.
(4) Okuqukethwe kwesibabule sempahla yebhasi kuphezulu kakhulu, okungafanelekile ukushisela.
(5) Amalungiselelo anganele wokwakha.
(6) Ugqinsi lwensimbi eyisisekelo lukhulu futhi ukupholisa kuyashesha kakhulu.
(7) Umsinga unamandla kakhulu.
(8) I-weld pass yokuqala ayanele ukumelana nokucindezeleka kokuncipha.
(1) Sebenzisa i-hydrogen electrode ephansi.
(2) Sebenzisa ama-electrode afanelekile futhi unake ukomisa.
(3) Thuthukisa ukwakheka kwesakhiwo, qaphela ukulandelana kwe-welding, futhi wenze ukwelashwa kokushisa ngemuva kokushisela.
(4) Gwema ukusebenzisa insimbi embi.
(5) Ukushisa ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokushisa kufanele kucatshangelwe ngesikhathi sokushisela.
(6) Shisisa insimbi eyisisekelo bese uyipholisa kancane ngemva kokushisela.
(7) Sebenzisa amandla afanelekayo.
(8) Insimbi yokushisela ye-welding yokuqala kufanele imelane ngokugcwele nokucindezeleka kokuncipha.
I-CO2 yegesi evikelekile yokushisela
(1) I-engeli yokufaka incane kakhulu, futhi ukuqhekeka kobuhlalu obumise okwepheya nobushisiwe kuzokwenzeka ngesikhathi sokushisela.
(2) Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni yensimbi eyisisekelo kanye namanye ama-alloys kuphezulu kakhulu (ubuhlalu be-weld kanye nendawo yesithunzi esishisayo).
(3) Uma welding enezingqimba eziningi, ungqimba lokuqala lwe-weld bead luncane kakhulu.
(4) Ukulandelana kwe-welding okungalungile, okubangela amandla okubopha ngokweqile.
(5) Intambo yokushisela imanzi, futhi i-hydrogen ingena ebuhlalu obushiselayo.
(6) Ipuleti lomkhono alixhunyiwe ngokuqinile, okuholela ekungalinganini nasekugxilweni kwengcindezi.
(7) Ukupholisa kuhamba kancane (insimbi engagqwali, ingxubevange ye-aluminium, njll.) ngenxa yenani lokushisela eliningi lesendlalelo sokuqala.
(1) Naka ukuhlotshaniswa kwe-engeli yokufaka efanelekile kanye neyamanje, futhi wandise i-engeli yokufaka uma kunesidingo.
(2) Sebenzisa ama-electrode anekhabhoni ephansi.
(3) Insimbi yokuqala yokushisela kufanele imelane ngokwanele nokucindezeleka kokuncipha.
(4) Thuthukisa ukwakheka kwesakhiwo, qaphela ukulandelana kwe-welding, futhi wenze ukwelashwa kokushisa ngemuva kokushisela.
(5) Naka ukulondolozwa kocingo lokushisela.
(6) Naka ukunemba kwenhlanganisela yokushisela.
(7) Naka ijubane elilungile lamanje nele-welding.
I-arc welding engaphansi kwamanzi
(1) Intambo yokushisela kanye ne-flux esetshenziselwa isisekelo sensimbi yokushisela akuhambisani kahle (isisekelo sensimbi iqukethe ikhabhoni eningi, futhi insimbi yocingo iqukethe imanganese encane kakhulu).
(2) Ubuhlalu obushiselayo bupholiswa ngokushesha ukuze buqine indawo ethinteke ukushisa.
(3) Inani lekhabhoni nesibabule ocingweni lokushisela likhulu kakhulu.
(4) Amandla obuhlalu akhiqizwa ungqimba lokuqala lwe-multi-layer welding awanele ukumelana nokucindezeleka kokuncipha.
(5) Ukungena ngokweqile noma ukuhlukaniswa ngesikhathi sokushisela i-fillet.
(6) Ukulandelana kokwakhiwa kwe-welding akulungile, futhi amandla okubopha ensimbi yesisekelo makhulu.
(7) Ukuma kobuhlalu obushiselayo akufanelekile, futhi isilinganiso sobubanzi be-weld bead kuya ekujuleni kwe-weld bead sikhulu kakhulu noma sincane kakhulu.
(1) Sebenzisa intambo yokushisela enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-manganese.Lapho isisekelo sensimbi iqukethe i-carbon eningi, izinyathelo zokushisa kufanele zithathwe.
(2) I-welding current kanye ne-voltage kudingeka kwandiswe, isivinini sokushisela kufanele sincishiswe, futhi isisekelo sensimbi sidinga ukushiswa.
(3) Faka esikhundleni ucingo lokushisela.
(4) Insimbi yokushisela yongqimba lokuqala lobuhlalu bokushisela kufanele imelane ngokugcwele nokucindezeleka kokuncipha.
(5) Yehlisa isivinini sokushisela kanye nesivinini sokushisela futhi ushintshe i-polarity.
(6) Naka izindlela zokwakha ezinqunyiwe futhi unikeze imiyalelo yemisebenzi yokushisela.
(7) Isilinganiso sobubanzi be-weld bead kuya ekujuleni sicishe sibe ngu-1:1:25, okwamanje siyehla futhi i-voltage iyanda.
7. Ukuguquguquka
Indlela yokushisela
imbangela
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela
ukushisela ngesandla
I-CO2 yegesi evikelekile yokushisela
I-self-hielded flux-cored wire welding
Ukushisela kwe-arc okuzenzakalelayo okungaphansi kwamanzi
(1) Izingqimba zokushisela eziningi kakhulu.
(2) Ukulandelana kwe-welding okungalungile.
(3) Amalungiselelo anganele wokwakha.
(4) Ukupholisa ngokweqile kwensimbi eyisisekelo.
(5) Isisekelo sensimbi sishiswe ngokweqile.(ishidi)
(6) Umklamo wokushisela ongafanele.
(7) Insimbi eningi kakhulu iyashiselwa.
(8) Indlela yokuvimbela ayinembile.
(1) Sebenzisa ama-electrode anamadayamitha amakhulu namaza aphezulu.
(2) Lungisa ukulandelana kokushisela
(3) Ngaphambi kokushisela, sebenzisa i-fixture ukulungisa ukushisela ukugwema ukungqubuzana.
(4) Gwema ukupholisa ngokweqile noma ukushisa kuqala kwensimbi eyisisekelo.
(5) Sebenzisa izinto ezisetshenziswayo zokushisela ngokungena okuphansi.
(6) Yehlisa igebe lokushisela futhi unciphise inani lezikhala.
(7) Naka usayizi wokushisela futhi ungenzi ubuhlalu obushiselayo bube bukhulu kakhulu.
(8) Naka izinyathelo zokulungisa ukuvimbela ukuguga.
8. Okunye ukukhubazeka kokushisela
Indlela yokushisela
imbangela
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela
ukweqa
(1) Umsinga uphansi kakhulu.
(2) Ijubane lokushisela lihamba kancane.
(1) Sebenzisa umsinga ofanele.
(2) Sebenzisa isivinini esifanele.
Ukubukeka kabi kwe-weld bead
(1) Induku yokushisela enesici.
(2) Indlela yokusebenza ayifanelekile.
(3) Umsinga wokushisela uphakeme kakhulu futhi ububanzi be-electrode bukhulu kakhulu.
(4) I-weldment ishisa ngokweqile.
(5) Kubuhlalu obushiselayo, indlela yokushisela ayilungile.
(6) Ithiphu yokuxhumana iyagqokwa.
(7) Ubude besandiso sentambo yokushisela buhlala bungashintshile.
(1) Khetha i-electrode eyomile enosayizi ofanele kanye nekhwalithi enhle.
(2) Yamukela umfaniswano kanye nesivinini esifanele nokulandelana kwe-welding.
(3) Khetha i-welding enamanje nobubanzi obufanele.
(4) Nciphisa umsinga.
(5) Prakthiza okwengeziwe.
(6) Faka esikhundleni ithiphu lokuxhumana.
(7) Gcina ubude obunqunyiwe futhi ube nekhono.
isibotho
(1) Ukusetshenziswa ngendlela engafanele kwezinduku zokushisela.
(2) I-electrode imanzi.
(3) Ukupholisa ngokweqile kwensimbi eyisisekelo.
(4) Ama-electrode angcolile kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwama-weldments.
(5) Izingxenye zekhabhoni nemanganese endaweni yokushisela ziphezulu kakhulu.
(1) Sebenzisa i-electrode efanelekile, uma ingenakuqedwa, sebenzisa i-electrode ephansi ye-hydrogen.
(2) Sebenzisa ama-electrode omisiwe.
(3) Yehlisa isivinini sokushisela futhi ugweme ukupholisa ngokushesha.Kungcono ukufaka ukushisa kwangaphambili noma ukufudumeza.
(4) Sebenzisa i-electrode yohlobo lwe-hydrogen enhle ephansi.
(5) Sebenzisa ama-electrode anosawoti omningi.
ingxenye ye-arc
(1) Ngesikhathi sokushisela kwe-DC, insimu kazibuthe ekhiqizwa ukushisela ayilingani, okwenza i-arc iphambuke.
(2) Indawo yocingo oluphansi ayilungile.
(3) I-engeli yokudonsa yethoshi yokushisela inkulu kakhulu.
(4) Ubude besandiso sentambo yokushisela bufushane kakhulu.
(5) I-voltage iphezulu kakhulu futhi i-arc yinde kakhulu.
(6) Umsinga mkhulu kakhulu.
(7) Isivinini sokushisela siyashesha kakhulu.
(1) Beka ucingo oluphansi ohlangothini olulodwa lwe-arc, noma weld ngakolunye uhlangothi, noma sebenzisa i-arc emfushane, noma lungisa indawo kazibuthe ukuze ifane, noma ushintshele ku-AC welding.
(2) Lungisa indawo yocingo oluphansi.
(3) Yehlisa i-engeli yokudonsa ithoshi.
(4) Khulisa ubude besandiso sentambo yokushisela.
(5) Yehlisa i-voltage ne-arc.
(6) Lungisa ukusebenzisa umsinga ofanele.
(7) Ijubane lokushisela liba kancane.
shisa
(1) Uma kune-slotted welding, umsinga mkhulu kakhulu.
(2) Igebe phakathi kwamashisela likhulu kakhulu ngenxa yokungagudluki kahle.
(1) Nciphisa umsinga.
(2) Yehlisa igebe lokushisela.
Ubuhlalu be-weld obungalingani
(1) Ithiphu yokuxhumana igugile, futhi ukuphuma kwentambo kuyashintshana.
(2) Ukusebenza kwethoshi lokushisela akusebenzi kahle.
(1) Faka elisha esikhundleni sethiphu yokuxhumana yokushisela.
(2) Yenza ezinye izivivinyo zokuprakthiza.
Ukushisela izinyembezi
(1) I-current inkulu kakhulu futhi isivinini sokushisela sihamba kancane.
(2) I-arc ifushane kakhulu futhi ubuhlalu bokushisela buphakeme.
(3) Intambo yokushisela ayiqondanisiwe kahle.(uma fillet welding)
(1) Khetha ijubane elifanele lamanje nele-welding.
(2) Khulisa ubude be-arc.
(3) Intambo yokushisela akufanele ibe kude kakhulu nomgwaqo.
Izinhlansi ezeqile
(1) Induku yokushisela enesici.
(2) I-arc yinde kakhulu.
(3) Umsinga uphakeme kakhulu noma uphansi kakhulu.
(4) I-arc voltage iphezulu kakhulu noma iphansi kakhulu.
(5) Intambo yokushisela iphuma ibe yinde kakhulu.
(6) Ithoshi lokushisela lithambekele kakhulu futhi i-engeli yokudonsa inkulu kakhulu.
(7) Intambo yokushisela i-hygroscopic ngokweqile.
(8) Umshini wokushisela usesimweni esibi.
(1) Sebenzisa ama-electrode omile nafanelekile.
(2) Sebenzisa i-arc emfushane.
(3) Sebenzisa umsinga ofanele.
(4) Lungisa kahle.
(5) Landela imiyalelo yokusebenzisa izintambo zokushisela ezihlukahlukene.
(6) Igcine ime mpo ngangokunokwenzeka futhi ugweme ukutsheka ngokweqile.
(7) Qaphela izimo zokugcinwa kwempahla.
(8) Ukulungisa, naka isondlo phakathi nezinsuku.
Weld ubuhlalu obumazombezombe
(1) Intambo yokushisela iphuma ibe yinde kakhulu.
(2) Intambo yokushisela iphothiwe.
(3) Ukusebenza kabi komugqa oqondile.
(1) Sebenzisa ubude obufanele, isibonelo, intambo eqinile inweba ku-20-25mm uma umsinga mkhulu.Ubude obuphumayo bungaba ngu-40-50mm ngesikhathi sokushisela ozivikelayo.
(2) Shintsha ucingo ufake olusha noma ulungise i-twist.
(3) Lapho usebenza ngomugqa oqondile, ithoshi lokushisela kufanele ligcinwe limile.
I-arc ayizinzile
(1) Ithiphu yokuxhumana ekugcineni kwethoshi yokushisela inkulu kakhulu kunobubanzi obuwumgogodla wocingo lokushisela.
(2) Ithiphu yokuxhumana igqokile.
(3) Intambo yokushisela igoqekile.
(4) Ukuzungezisa kwesidlulisi socingo akusheleli.
(5) Umsele wesondo lokudlulisa ucingo ugugile.
(6) Isondo elicindezelayo alicindezelwe kahle.
(7) Ukumelana kwejoyinti lepayipi kukhulu kakhulu.
(1) I-diameter eyinhloko yocingo lokushisela kufanele ihambisane nethiphu yokuxhumana.
(2) Faka esikhundleni ithiphu lokuxhumana.
(3) Qinisa i-crimp yocingo.
(4) Faka amafutha kushafti yokuthutha ukuze ugcobe ukuzungezisa.
(5) Shintshanisa isondo lokuhambisa.
(6) Ukucindezela kufanele kube okufanelekile, ucingo oluxekeke kakhulu lubi, ucingo oluqine kakhulu lonakele.
(7) Ukugotshwa kwe-catheter kukhulu kakhulu, lungisa futhi unciphise inani lokugoba.
I-arc yenzeka phakathi kwe-nozzle ne-base metal
(1) Umjikelezo omfushane phakathi kwenozzle, ipayipi noma ithiphu lokuxhumana.
(1) Izinti ze-spark spatter kanye nombhobho kuningi kakhulu ukuthi kungakhishwa, noma sebenzisa ishubhu le-ceramic elinokuvikela inhlansi yethoshi yokushisela.
Welding torch nozzle overheating
(1) Amanzi okupholisa awakwazi ukuphuma ngokwanele.
(2) Umsinga mkhulu kakhulu.
(1) Ipayipi lamanzi okupholisa livaliwe.Uma ipayipi lamanzi okupholisa livimbekile, kufanele lisuswe ukuze umfutho wamanzi ukhuphuke futhi ugeleze ngokwejwayelekile.
(2) Ithoshi yokushisela isetshenziswa phakathi kwebanga elivumelekile lamanje kanye nezinga lokusetshenziswa.
Intambo inamathela ithiphu lokuxhumana
(1) Ibanga phakathi kwethiphu yokuxhumana nensimbi eyisisekelo lifushane kakhulu.
(2) Ukumelana kwe-catheter kukhulu kakhulu futhi ukuphakelwa kwezintambo kubi.
(3) I-curse incane kakhulu futhi i-voltage inkulu kakhulu.
(1) Sebenzisa ibanga elifanele noma i-arc ende ukuze uqale i-arc, bese ulungisa ibanga elifanele.
(2) Sula ingaphakathi le-catheter ukuze unikeze amandla ukulethwa okushelelayo.
(3) Lungisa amanani afanele amanje kanye ne-voltage.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-07-2022